Management of Organisation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Management of Organisation - Assignment Example This journal article will show clearly that team work is directly proportional to the performance of any organization. The article is having clear purpose of showing that good team performance can enhance performance of organization and at the same time poor team performance can be a serious problem for organization. Team work is having both positive and negative effects on the performance of the organization. This journal article will show all different positivity and negativity of team work. Managements of different organizations are giving lots of importance towards team work. Organizations are trying to build super performing team for enhancing performance of organizations. This journal will give them a clear picture about the importance of team work. Generally it is being noticed that a team consists of people coming from different cultures and different backgrounds. They stick together for achieving a common goal. As the culture, language and back ground are different it poses lots of challenge for organization to stitch them into a common fabric. Lots of issues can be there. This journal will help to understand all those issues and will provide support by discussing different remedies for those issues. Day by day managing a team is getting more and more complex. Issues are getting more and more deep rooted. In this scenario this journal will play an important supportive role for every organization to enhance their performance through team work. In modern day organization team work is an unavoidable aspect. The article is having very clear and obvious purpose of enlightening organizations about different contributions of team work in organization performance (Youngkyun, 2008, pp. 145-149). In team work it is often being noticed that individual performances are decreasing. People work less in groups than individuals. It is called social loafing. One of the issues is that it is very difficult to measure an individual

Absoulutely True Diary of a Part Time Indian Struggles of Arnold Spirit Essay Example for Free

Absoulutely True Diary of a Part Time Indian Struggles of Arnold Spirit Essay In the book â€Å"The Absolutely True Diary of a Part Time Indian† by Sherman Alexie, Arnold Spirit the main character struggles with being an Indian and going to Reardan, the all-white school where he wants to find hope. He struggles with acceptance because of his disability and he is an Indian. He also struggle with losing his best friend Rowdy as a friend, and he also struggles with losing loved ones. Though he has many, he copes with them and fixes them in the end. Throughout the story Arnold struggles with his disability. He is a very smart person but because of his disability his appearance makes him look like he is stupid. To top this all off he is also an Indian attending an all-white school. This causes the white people to make fun of him as well as the Indians and he feels different and unwanted by everyone. â€Å"And once I arrived at Reardan, I became something less than less than less than Indian. Those white kids did not talk to me. They barely looked at me†(83). This shows that he was not accepted on the reservation as an Indian or at Reardan because of what he was. He had no friends at Reardan, not even a friend on the rez anymore. When Arnold decided that he wanted to go to Reardan he wanted his only and best friend, Rowdy to go with him. When he told Rowdy about going to Reardan he felt like Arnold was abandoning him. He got really upset and angry and made it clear they were no longer friends. â€Å"I stayed on the ground for a long time after Rowdy walked awayBut I had to stand eventually, and when I did, I knew my best friend had become my worst enemy†(53). This shows that Rowdy resented Arnold so much for going to Reardan he didn’t want to be friends with Arnold anymore. In addition to losing his best friend he lost many other people, only in a different way. One final struggle Arnold faced was losing many loved ones. He lost his dog, grandmother, Eugene (His dads best friend) and his sister. He not only blamed himself for the deaths but also many others blamed him because he left the rez and betrayed them in a way by going to Reardan and making friends with white people. â€Å"‘Your sister is dead because you left us. You killed her.’Rowdy was right. I had killed my sisterIt was all my fault†(211). This shows that Arnold felt like in a way it was his fault and some of the Indians on the rez felt the same. He blamed himself for every bad thing that had happened all his life. Arnold had a tough life, he struggled to fit in, to keep his best friend and with losing many loved ones. Arnold slowly made friends at Reardan by just being himself. In the end he and Rowdy made up. They put the past behind them. Arnold also forgave himself for all the loved ones he lost; he also hoped that everyone else forgave him too. Losing loved ones is a normal part of life. No one should take the blame when it was never their fault. Making friends is also hard Especially when you are in a completely new environment or you are shy. Sometimes best friends will fight. It can last for a short time or a long time. Its important to remember we can not judge someone because of who they are or where they come from. Put yourself in their shoes; how would you feel?

Development of Human Computer Interface

Development of Human Computer Interface Development of Human Computer Interface Based on Cognitive Model Integrated With Data Mining Techniques M. Mayilvaganan, D. Kalpanadevi Abstract First review concern about the relevant literature survey in order to evaluate the performance of learning ability and knowledge, behavior, attention, by the category of cognitive skills which is analyzed by various data mining techniques. In this paper focus the concepts of cognitive process and data mining techniques which are used to evaluate the usability of system based on metrics for analyzing problem solving resources. The implementation of cognitive process in the Human computer Interface(HCI) system contributes to give better performance of the human behavior which will be analyses by data mining technique of classification and clustering process can be proposed to evaluate the knowledge of person in efficient manner. This implies that the skills will be stimulated over time through intentional support and also helps for various resources based on different categorize. Keywords: GOM Model, Data mining techniques, Human Computer Interface system, Observational method, C4.5, Naà ¯ve Bayes, K-means, Weka Tool. Introduction Data mining also called Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) in the field of discovering novel and potentially useful information from large amount of data. In recent years, there has been increasing interest on the use of data mining to investigate scientific questions for problem solving analysis, an area of human thinking, behavior, analyse the performance from the knowledge criteria are gathered by the techniques of data mining [1]. An ability of cognitive performance is essential in various environment, which is influenced by many qualitative attributes are included for forming the data set. Data mining techniques such as K-nearest neighbor, decision tree, Naà ¯ve Bayes, Neural network, Fuzzy, Genetic and other techniques are applied in various environments [3]. This paper describes about literature survey on to analyse the cognitive performance integrates with data mining techniques. 2. Cognitive process in Human Computer Interaction (HCI) Human computer interaction is concerned with how people use computer system to perform tasks, usually in a real life work setting. To evaluate the competing task by using usability criteria based on cognitive models. Cognitive processes is the process that involve knowledge, attention, memory, producing and understanding the language, problem solving and decision making. All these are very important for human behavior. The working process of each task can be analyzed by data mining techniques for finding the human behavior, attitude and attention performance in respect way. 2.1 Collecting Qualitative Data through Cognitive process Scope of knowledge is accumulated information, problem solving schemas, performance skills, expertise, memory capacity, problem representation ability, abstraction and categorization abilities, synthesis skills, long-term concentration ability, motivation, efficiency and accuracy. Data which is collected by using variety of techniques like Video and audio recording, software logging, Scan converters, think- aloud protocols or pencil and paper field notes. These techniques can be followed by several cognitive models such as GOM model, KLM model, Cognitive complexity which has to be evaluating by language based model such as Command Language grammar, Task Action Language, Task Action Grammar, and Knowledge Analysis of tasks. In cognitive complexity, the tasks can be assessed by analysing the number of entities that have to be related in a single representation. For eg: The hypothesis ideas such as collecting the personal data, family background, academic details, extracurricular activities, activities while during studies etc., are the basic attributes for analysing the performance skill for required person. The techniques are outlined for analysis of cognitive complexity in general cognition, cognitive development, mathematics education, reasoning tasks, psychometric test items, and industrial decision making, problem solving etc. The role of questionary format on the basis of problem solving, reasoning task, behaviour methods to analyse in effective way. 2.2 GOMS Model GOMS model stands for Goals, Operators, Methods, and Selection rules needed to perform a task. Tasks are broken down into their components to predict performance times. Figure.1 represents the process of GOM model describe as Goals are objectives Operators are the actions that change the system state or the cognitive state. Methods are description of procedures for achieving goals stored in the user’s knowledge structure of the task built-up for the problem solving. Fig.1 GOM model Selection Rules are If †¦Then statements to enable the user to choose between the methods under the time complexity. 2.3 Keystroke Level Model (KLM) KLM is derived from GOMS and describes the time taken to execute sub-task using the system facilities. Total time taken for an action is arrived at by simply adding together the times for each component task. To obtain the predicted time for a task and add the times for individual operators based on Fitt law, Steering Law. 2.4 Cognitive Complexity Theory Cognitive complexity theory is an extension of GOMS. It attempts to predict how difficult learn and use a system will be base on a GOMS model of the task and its required knowledge, a model of the user current knowledge and a list of the items of knowledge to be learned in order for the user to be able to make error- free use of the system. 2.5 Knowledge Analysis of Tasks (KAT) KAT is an evaluate model to identify the task gathered from variety of techniques including interviews and questionnaires, observation, rating scales, repertory grids and conduct online test for problem solving. The completed tasks will analysis for the performer by producing the result. KAT involves several stages such as Identify the person goals, sub goal and subtasks Work out order in which sub goal are to be carried out. Identify task strategies. Identify procedures. Identify Task Objects and Actions. 3. Data Mining Concepts Integrates To HCI The variety of domain values which are related with performance based on their required result carried out by cognitive process model. From fig.1 shows such factor may be founded by means of analysis based on data mining techniques. Usability criteria can be measured by setting performance targets in the system design at the stage of effectiveness, learning ability, and flexibility, attitude which is evaluated by either survey or experimental method. An analytical evaluation method is followed by the GOMS model, KLM model and Cognitive complexity theory for end-user testing through knowledge task analysis. After observational evaluation happened, the collection of data will be stored in the database. Using data mining techniques, preprocessing, data cleaning and transformation are carried out for avoid the redundancy and clear the noisy data from the database. After preprocessing, several algorithms are applied to discover the knowledge and performance factor are analysed to identify the human ability. 4. Data mining techniques An application of Data mining is a rich focus of Classification algorithm, Association algorithm, Clustering algorithm which can be applied to the field of some resources it concerns with developing methods that discover the knowledge from data originating from any other resource environment. Fig.1. Methodology Process of analyse skill by Data Mining Techniques 4.1 Classification Techniques In Classification process, the derive model is to predict the class of objects whose class label is unknown. The derived model is based on the analysis of asset of training data. In educational data mining, the work of data was predicted by logical rule of the Classification algorithms with the represent of common domain values for analyzing the qualitative performance of required details. In this case study, it can be predicting the human behavior through HCI by given the problem solving question, observational process and other resources. In this technique, it can be classified the functioning of cognitive style such as logical reasoning, analytical ability, Numerical ability, balanced profile for skill learning, personality analysis and other styles for analyzing the skill for the human user from the collected dataset systematically. In C4.5 algorithm construct in which enhanced by ID3 algorithm and it works in divide and conquer method. At the beginning stage the root is present to associate with training data set. The rule set is formed from the initial state of decision tree. Each path from the initial state, the condition will be evaluate and simplified by the effect of rule and an outcomes will put on the required leaf, the step will continuous when it comes discarding the condition. Let freq (Ci, S) stand for the number of samples in S that belong to class Ci (out of k possible classes), and à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ½Sà ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ½ denotes the number of samples in the set S. Then the entropy of the set S: equation (1) After set T has been partitioned in accordance with n outcomes of one attribute test X: equation (2) gain (x) = info (T) infox(T) In Naà ¯ve Bayes algorithm, to reduce computation in evaluating P (X|Ci), the naive assumption of class conditional is made. This presumes that the values of the attributes are conditionally independent of one another, given the class label of the tuple. The data set predicts that tuple X belongs to the class Ci. equation (3) By Bayes’ theorem, the classic for which P (Ci |X) is maximized is called the maximum posteriori hypothesis. P (Ci |X) = P(X|Ci)P(Ci) / P(X) equation (4) The classic for which P (Ci |X) is maximized is called the maximum posteriori hypothesis. It can easily estimate the probabilities P(x1|Ci)Ãâ€"P(x2|Ci)Ãâ€" ·Ã‚ ·Ãƒâ€"P(xn|Ci) from the training tuples by the following relationship. equation (5) 4.3 Clustering Techniques Cluster analysis is used to segment a large set of data into subsets called clusters. It is the process of grouping or organizing a set of objects into distinct group based on some similarity or dissimilarity measure among the individual objects, such that the objects in the same group are more similar to each other than those in other groups [2]. Through this technique, it can be cluster the skill level in style wise or any other pattern and analyse in each cognitive style in grouped manner. In this paper, K-means clustering can be used to analyse the classification of training tuple from the rule base relation, then it can be grouped the performance of skill in pattern wise. K-means algorithm takes the input parameter and partitions a set of n objects into k clusters. Cluster similarity is measured in regard to the mean value of the objects in a cluster based on center of gravity. For each of the remaining object is assigned to the cluster based on the distance. Iteration can be repeated until the function can satisfied. equation (6) where E is the sum of the square error for all objects in the data set; p is the point in space representing a given object; and mi is the mean of cluster Ci, the distance from the object to its cluster center is squared, and the distances are summed. The resulting of k clusters as compact and group can be formed for the required pattern. Experimentation of Training Data set and Result Analysis Using Data mining Techniques From this research survey, it can be analysed and produced an idea to propose the human performance based on cognitive process through Human Computer interface by interacting from computer system. The training data set can be experimented in data mining techniques to analysis the behavior of the human user via computer system. In this experiment, Classification technique approach was obtained accuracy to classification for forum data. Using Weka tool the classification algorithm was provided to experiment with sample data set by the given attributes like logical reasoning, numerical ability and personality for analyse the skill level of human user. Through clustering technique it can be analysed the performance of skill level from the classified training data set. Weka provides the range of the functioning in style wise and estimates the accuracy of resulting predicting model in classification algorithms are C4.5 and Naà ¯ve Bayes techniques used in the analyzing process. These techniques are decision making rule process which can be worked in probability evaluation model on the analysis of a set of training data. If logical_reasoning = good and Numerial_ability = good and personality=good then Performance= Good_skill_user If logical_reasoning = poor and Numerial_ability = poor and personality=good then Performance= Average_skill_user If logical_reasoning = poor and Numerial_ability = poor and personality=poor then Performance= below _average _skill_user TABLE.1: PERFORMANCE MEASURE FOR TRAINING DATA OF 200 SAMPLE INSTANCE From table.1, shows the measuring the performance of execution time and correctly classified instance based on the proposed algorithm for predicting in rule. In second experiment, the data clustering method can be used for checking the similarity based on the criteria of performance like Good skill user, Average Skill user and below average skill user using K-means algorithm technique. Fig. 2: Clustering Performance in pattern wise analysis 6. Conclusion In this studied, it can be concluded that an idea of Human computer interface which integrate with respect to cognitive models for analyzing human behavior of skill gathered by using problem solving using data mining techniques. By using 200 instance of sample training data set, which can be predicted by the rule of classification techniques of C4.5 and Naà ¯ve Bayes algorithm which can be produced their efficiency are C4.5 classified by execution time of accuracy is 0.25 second and 170 instance are correctly classified. Naà ¯ve Bayes algorithm classified by execution time of accuracy is 0.1 second and 142 instances are correctly classified. From the above analysis more instance of classifier is C4.5 algorithm was well suited for classification to skill analysis. Finally, it can be analysis by category wise based on pattern then produce 80% of Good skill user, 40% of Average Skill user and 5% below average skill user using K-means clustering algorithm. References 7.1 Book [1] Jiawei Han and Micheline Kamber, Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques, 2nd ed., Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2006. Arun K Pujari, â€Å"Data mining techniques†, University Press (India) Private Limited. David Hand, Heikki Mannila adhraic Smyth, â€Å"Principles of Data Mining†, MIT Press, 2001. Anderson, J.R, ‘The Architecture of Cognition’, Harvard University Press, Cambridge (1983). 7.2 Journal Article [5] Richard E.Clark, â€Å"Cognitive Task Analysis†, October 14, 2006. [6] Chipman, S. F., Schraagen, J. M., Shalin, V. L., â€Å"Introduction to Cognitive task analysis† [7] David H. Jonassen, â€Å"Analysis of Task Procedures†, Copyright [emailprotected] 1986. 7.3 Conference Proceedings [8] Bainbridge, L. â€Å"The change in concepts needed to account for human behaviour in complex  dynamic tasks†, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and  Humans, 27, 351–359. [9] Arbi Ghazarian, â€Å"Pauses in man-machine interactions: a clue to users â€Å" Skill levels and their user  interface requirements†, Int. J. Cognitive Performance Support, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2013. [10] Sheikh,L Tanveer B. and Hamdani,S., Interesting Measures for Mining Association Rules.  IEEE-INMIC Conference December. 2004. [11] M. O. Mansur, M.Sap and M. Noor, â€Å"Outlier Detection Technique in Data mining: A Research  Perceptive†, In Postgraduate Annual Research Seminar, 2005. 1

Fate Essay example -- essays research papers

FATE Fate. Fate is what controls our lives...or so some people think. Now what is the actual definition of Fate? The supposed force, principle, or power that predetermines events; the inevitable events predestined by this force. Now look at the word supposed. We don't even know if Fate exsists. If it does, why does it have to be predestined or predetermined? PRE is a prefix that means before. Now Fate happens based on something before? I thought it happened then and there not before. Some people believe a certian "god" or a selected individual controls their lives. This weekend I had a discussion with my two good friends Elliot and Adam. We started talking about religion and God. Now in the world today, many people dont believe in God. I suppose you can say I am one of those people. I have only been to church maybe twice in my life. That doesnt make me a bad person nor does it make my parents bad people. I am not decided on wether or not I believe in God. If "HE" does exist, does he control Fate? Do the potato chips I am currently eating control Fate? Are my parents controlling MY Fate by telling me what I can and cannot do? I am stuck between this. People say Fate brings us together and it may also control our lives. How is this so? How can one little thing called Fate control our lives? How can Fate be responsible for the decisions we make? Is fate an actual thing, or is it just a figment of our imagination? Possibly, Fate...

Teacher’s Paychecks Should Reflect their Importance Essay -- Argumenta

Teacher’s Paychecks Should Reflect their Importance The public education system in the United States is a very important institution for our nation's youth. In most states, children are required by law to attend public school, unless they are home-schooled, until the age of sixteen. At the age of sixteen, students are entitled, though certainly not encouraged, to leave the public school system if they wish. Public school teachers are asked to account for and educate all of these students, and teachers are professionals who are constantly in demand. In fact, the demand is so great that in several cities semi-qualified professionals who lack the proper credentials are being asked to teach. One possible explanation for this phenomenon is the poor salaries which teachers are being paid. Both national and state governments ought to consider a pay increase for public school teachers in order to ensure the best education possible for the youth of the United States. Physicians and attorneys both work in careers that financially reward professionals for their many years of study at colleges and universities. Anyone who has been involved in any sort of litigation can attest to the outrageous fees charged by attorneys, and hospitals are also institutions that charge handsomely for their services. It is true that physicians and attorneys are asked to spend many years studying in school, but teachers are paid very poorly in comparison to these professions. Subsequently, teachers are also asked to study for four and often at least five years at colleges and universities. Public school teachers are also asked to take exams in order to certify them in their professions. These exams are similar to bar exams and medical boards. What is eve... ...in level of education. Furthermore, there are several professions that require less education than teaching but supply a more generous salary and benefits package. At the same time, teachers are often asked to pay for re-certification costs out of their own shallow pockets because their employment packages do not offer the funds for this constant training. Teachers have four months without students, and this time is often viewed as "vacation time" by the general public; however, public school teachers have stringent schedules that often require them to surrender their summers. Public school teachers are important professionals in our communities, and it is time for their paychecks to reflect their importance. Politicians on both the state and national levels ought to consider designing more appropriate salary and benefit packages for their public school teachers.

Monotony in Elisa’s life Essay

Many people in our modern society lead monotonous lives; in other words they follow a routine and have little or no excitement in their lives. Sometimes we fool ourselves by believing that a monotonous life is happy life, but it does not work the same way for every person. Leading a monotonous life can be very harmful to one’s well being and those around us. In the short story â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† by John Steinbeck we see a person who finds herself in this situation, following a daily routine without much change in it. When a person realizes that they have been living a boring life they start to feel dissatisfied with what they have accomplished, act on impulse and even resort to different activities in an attempt to escape from reality. It often happens that people neglect themselves and do not do anything to satisfy their inner desires which later turn into regret. Regret is the effect that comes from not doing that which you want to do, not realizing your dreams or even from making the wrong decision. If a person strictly follows a routine it happens that they refuse to relax or have fun because it can affect their work or lives. These people are followed by a feeling of unaccomplishment which can lead to sorrow and sadness. The problem is that you start repeating this cycle that does not really benefit your health, it may benefit others and improve your work or studies but you always have to take into consideration your well being. Regret is a very powerful emotion and can carry on for years if a person is not careful it can gravely affect their state of mind and create many complexes. In â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† the character of Elisa is a perfect example of someone who leads a monotonous life. Elisa is tired of her life because she feels tired of the same issues every day, caring for her garden being a wife and even dealing with an awkward husband. Elisa regrets not living a more exciting life. In the story, the traveling handyman when talking with Elisa asks her for some chrysanthemums seeds and a very interesting conversation comes up. Elisa tries to explain to him how to care for the chrysanthemums by explaining the feeling of how you do it, but they interpret the explanation as something sexual. Elisa gets aroused by the conversation and tries to touch the man’s leg in the heat, but resists herself in the end. This leaves me to think that maybe she feels unsatisfied in her marriage, she desires something, regrets not having this exciting life. By using the same example we can also relate the situation to how living in this monotony can make a person act on impulse. To act on impulse is to give in to your deepest desires, to follow your urges; it is the drive for what we do. This impulsive behavior surfaces from the situation, since Elisa cannot hold her desire she breaks down and almost does something she might have regretted later on. Jane Atkinson states, â€Å"When a man you’ve never met before suddenly gives you flowers don’t be alarmed — he’s only acting on Impulse† (Atkinson). What I’m trying to say is that acting on impulse is like taking a risk. What we have in the quote is basically that, the man is probably nervous and thinking that the woman will not accept them or feel harassed, but he takes a risk, acts on impulse, without completely thinking about the consequences of his actions. Many people live an entire life by acting on impulse without thinking about the consequences, but it is a fact that sometimes you could end up with a very complicated situation. Sometimes acting on impulse is not bad, but you cannot go over the top, there needs to be a balance between the two. Elisa, for a single moment, acted according to what her body wanted, but at the last moment realized that what she was going to do might have caused big problems later on. Basically acting on impulse is not exactly a bad thing, but in Elisa’s case, where the impulses come out of regret, it is a very severe problem. If you act on impulse you will not just cause harm to yourself, but to those around you too. The human being when cornered in a situation tends to look for an easy way to get out of this situation; this is the meaning of escaping from reality. The easy way out may be an efficient one, but in the long run may end up being the worst since it is the most dangerous for your health. Elisa’s monotonous live creates the perfect situation to make a person desire to escape. To escape from reality one uses an activity or an object which aids the person to create a more comfortable scenario. Many people use drugs to escape from reality, alcohol is one of the most common since it makes you see everything in a different way. Elisa is already mentally affected due to her dull, monotonous life and to make it worst the traveling handyman reminds her that her life will probably be the same until her death. By analyzing Elisa’s behavior from the story we can infer that she has been using the chrysanthemums garden as a way to bury in all her feelings and hide all her sadness, but nearing the end of the story when Elisa and her husband are on their way to the restaurant she asks if they could buy some wine, her second attempt to escape from reality. Elisa wants to use alcohol to escape from the sadness she was feeling; we can also assume that from this point on Elisa might develop a drinking problem due to the constant use of alcohol to alleviate the sadness. Escaping from reality might ease the pain inside one’s heart, but it cannot resolve any problems. Also there is also the fact that Elisa is living in a rather sexist society. Ott, Jim states, â€Å"It’s the enigmatic tale of a woman named Elisa who loves her husband, but is fenced in by geography and circumstances in a man’s world†. In the quote we basically have a summary of the story, but we mainly focus in the part where it says â€Å"in a man’s world† meaning that Elisa is being seen as weak and defenseless and treated as inferior. If a person constantly escapes from reality and never confronts his problems they will just make things worst since the problems will pile up and become even more complicated. In the end it just goes back to the same saying that everything in excess can be deadly. Leading a monotonous life can be harmful to a person’s well being. Monotony makes people feel dissatisfied, makes them act illogically and can even throw them into a deep depression. But there are also people who believe that it does not cause harm and that it can even be good for your health. Leading a monotonous life does not physically injure anyone and as long as a person does not take it to extreme measures then it does not cause any harm. There is also the fact that nobody has died because of monotony and it is not even a disease. However there are many factors that can make this seemingly normal way of life a deadly one. Even if it is not a disease it acts like one by obstructing your way of thinking, affect your judgment and more. It is true that as long as you do not do anything extreme then it will not cause much harm, but the problem is that not everyone understands this, most people just take it to the extreme or just do not do anything at all. Of course monotony cannot kill a person, but it can drive one into suicide easily since there are many people with weak minds and hearts who get overtaken by the feeling and do rash things without taking everything into account. In other words although monotony is not a deadly disease it can be harmful because it works it affects the weakest part of the body which is the mind. To live on a routine may sound like a completely normal and healthy activity, but, like everything, if you surpass a certain limit it can have the exact opposite meaning and effects on a person’s life. Once you put the facts in monotony can cause great harm like in Elisa’s case, but it can have the exact opposite effect too. Gregory J. Palmerino states, â€Å"In the end, both husband and wife bear responsibility and suffer for their seemingly childless and sexless marriage; the punishment, however, appears to be meted out unfairly† (Palmerino). This one quote basically sums up everything I want say about the story. Elisa and her husband are only making their problems worst and have many regrets and secrets or rather untold opinions of one another that are yet to be said aloud. The only real problem in all of this is the fact that their punishment really is being meted out unfairly since Elisa is getting the short end of the stick because she is being oppressed by her status as a woman and because of the fact that even though she is extremely unhappy she cannot do anything about it. The thing about Elisa’s lifestyle is that one thing leads to another, since she is living a monotonous life she regrets not doing many things and thus tends to act on impulse to try and accomplish these unfulfilled desires and lastly since she cannot fulfill these desires she resorts to the use of other objects to ease the pain in her heart. The saddest part of everything that is happening to Elisa is that she herself is making things worse for her and her husband. Works Cited Atkinson, Jane. â€Å"Policeman just can’t Help Acting on Impulse.† News of the World: 53. May 23 2010. ProQuest Central. Web. 19 Oct. 2012 . Ott, Jim. â€Å"This Valley Life: Livermore to Read and Celebrate Steinbeck.† Oakland TribuneJan 07 2010. ProQuest Central. Web. 19 Oct. 2012 . Palmerino, Gregory J. â€Å"Steinbeck’s THE CHRYSANTHEMUMS.† The Explicator 62.3 (2004): 164-7. ProQuest Central. Web. 19 Oct. 2012.

How to Face Resistance to Change

Resistance to change can be difficult to overcome even when it is not detrimental to those concerned. But the attempt must be made. The first step is to analyze the potential impact of change by considering how it will affect people in their jobs. The analysis should indicate which aspects of the proposed change may be supported generally or by specified individuals and which aspects may be resisted. So far as possible, the potentially hostile or negative reactions of people should be identified, taking into account all the possible reasons for resisting change listed above. It is necessary to try to understand the likely feelings and fears of those affected so that unnecessary worries can be relieved and, as far as possible, ambiguities can be resolved. In making this analysis, the individual introducing the change, who is sometimes called the ‘change agent’, should recognize that new ideas are likely to be suspect and should make ample provision for the discussion of reactions to proposals to ensure complete understanding of them. Involvement in the change process gives people the chance to raise and resolve their concerns and make suggestions about the form of the change and how it should be introduced. The aim is to get ‘ownership’ – a feeling amongst people that the change is something that they are happy to live with because they have been involved in its planning and introduction – it has become their change. Communications about the proposed change should be carefully prepared and worded so that unnecessary fears are allayed. All the available can be used, but face-to-face communications direct from managers to individuals or through a team briefing system are best.